Word Family - Rex

December theme: Religion 📿

Introduction

This is the family that no matter how long I work on it, it's never done. That's what I get for trying to explore the possibility that two extremely important and productive roots may be connected: *h₂er-, related to cosmic order, and *h₃reǵ-, related to societal order.

This is originally the transitional post between December 2017's Religion theme and January 2018's Noble Titles theme.

Teaser

rational, art, aristocracy, arm, read, ritual, arithmetic, royal, rich, Austria, Henry

Full Text

Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- fit, fix, put together
- Anatolian
  - Hittite 𒀀𒀀𒊏 āra right, proper
- Tocharian
  - Arshian yär- to wash
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂er thus, so
  - Balto-Slavic *ir
    
    Baltic
    
    East Baltic
    
    Lithuanian ir and, even, exactly, and so
    
    West Baltic
    
    Old Prussian ir and, even
  - Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἄρα ára then, therefore, consequently
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥neti ne- imperfective
  - Old Armenian առնեմ aṙnem
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥téys
  - Italic *artis
    
    Latin ars / artem art, skill, craft, power
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian arte art
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French art art
    
    Middle French art
    
    French art art
    
    Haitian Creole la art
    
    Middle English art art
    
    English art art
    
    Japanese アート āto art
    
    Scots airt art, skill
    
    Spanish arte art, skill
    
    Latin *artefactum
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian artefatto artificial
    
    English artifact
    
    Latin iners / inertem unskilled, incompetent, lazy
    
    French inerte inert, inactive
    
    English inert
    
    Latin inertia lack of art, laziness
    
    French inertie inertia
    
    English inertia
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tós fitted
  - Indo-Iranian *Hr̥tás
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit ṛtáḥ ऋतः order, law, rule, piety, faith, truth, righteousness, oath
    
    Iranian
    
    Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 aṣ̌a truth, righteousness, order, existence
    
    Western Iranian
    
    Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎫 arta
    
    Middle Persian
    
    Persian ارد ard
    
    Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂 / 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaça Artaxšaçā personal name: Truth-Reign
    
    Middle Persian
    
    Persian اردشیر Ardešir
    
    Classical Greek Ἀρταξέρξης Artaxérxēs refashioned after Ξέρξης Xérxēs
    
    Latin Artaxerxes
    
    English Artaxerxes
    
    Hebrew אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא artaḥšásta Artaxerxes
  - Italic
    
    Latin artus narrow, fitted, confined, dense
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂éristHos most fitted, best fitted, fittest
    
    Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἄριστος áristos best, noblest, most fortunate, most useful
    
    Classical Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía rule by the best, rule by nobles
    
    Medieval Latin *aristocratia
    
    French aristocratie aristocracy
    
    English aristocracy
    
    Classical Greek Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs personal name: Best-Result
    
    Latin Aristotelēs Aristotle
    
    English Aristotle
    
    Geʿez አርሰጣጣሉ ʼarǝsṭāṭālu wizard
    
    Classical Greek Ἀριστογείτων Aristogeítōn personal name: Best-Neighbor
    
    Classical Greek eὐάριστος euaristos
    
    Greek ευάρεστος evárestos reasonable, satisfactory
    
    Classical Greek Εὐάριστος Euaristos personal name: Well-Pleasing
    
    Latin Evaristus
    
    French Évariste
    
    French Évariste Galois
    
    French théorie de Galois Galois theory
    
    English Galois theory
    
    French corps de Galois Galois field
    
    English Galois field
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥mós (the act of) fitting, joint
  - Balto-Slavic
    
    Slavic *ormę
    
    South Slavic
    
    Serbo-Croatian раме rame shoulder
    
    West Slavic
    
    Polish ramię arm
  - Germanic *armaz arm (body part)
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 arms arm
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse armr arm
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish arm arm
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic armur arm
    
    West Germanic *arm
    
    Old English earm arm
    
    Middle English arm arm
    
    English arm
    
    Scots airm arm
    
    Yola arme / earme arm
    
    Frankish *arm
    
    Middle Dutch arm
    
    Dutch arm arm, branch
    
    Old High German arm arm
    
    Middle High German arm / arn
    
    German Arm arm, branch, sleeve
    
    Yiddish אָרעם orem arm
  - Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἁρμός harmós joint, link, bolt, peg
    
    Classical Greek ἁρμόζω harmózō I fit together, I join, I betrothe, I arrange, I govern
  - Indo-Iranian
    
    Iranian
    
    Avestan arəm correctly, properly
  - Italic
    
    Latin arma armor, weapons, soldiers
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian arma
    
    Italian all'arme to arms
    
    French alarme
    
    English alarm
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French arme weapon
    
    Middle French arme weapon
    
    French arme weapon
    
    Middle English armes from pl.
    
    English arms
    
    Latin armāre to arm, to equip, to mobilize
    
    Latin armātūra
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French armeure armor
    
    Middle French armure armor
    
    French armure armor
    
    English armure
    
    Middle English armure / armore
    
    English armor / armour
    
    Old French armeurie
    
    Middle English armurie / armerie
    
    English armory / armoury
    
    English armature
    
    Latin armarium
    
    Old French armaire / almaire / aumaire
    
    Middle French armoire
    
    French armoire
    
    English armoire
    
    Middle English almerie
    
    English ambry
    
    Portuguese
    
    Hindustani
    
    Hindi अलमारी almārī
    
    English almirah
    
    Latin armāmentum
    
    English armament
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ermō
  - Balto-Slavic
    
    Slavic *arьmò yoke
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥monih₂
  - Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἁρμονία harmoníā a fitting together, a joining
    
    Latin harmonia harmony, music, peace
    
    Old French harmonie / armonie
    
    Middle French
    
    French harmonie harmony
    
    Middle English armonye
    
    English harmony
    
    French harmonium harmonium
    
    English harmonium
    
    Italian armonia harmony
    
    English armonica / harmonica coined by Benjamin Franklin based on Italian
    
    Spanish armonía harmony
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂értus
  - Indo-Iranian
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit ṛtúḥ ऋतुः a point in time, the right time, season, epoch, period, order, rule
    
    Bengali ঋতু ritu season
    
    Hindustani
    
    Hindi ऋतु ŕtu season
    
    Urdu رتو ritū
    
    Khmer រដូវ rɔdəw season
    
    Sinhala ඍතුව ṛtuwa season
    
    Thai ฤดู rʉ́-duu moment, occasion, opportunity, season, time
    
    Telugu ఋతువు r̥tuvu season
  - Hellenic *artús
    
    Classical Greek ἀρτύς artús
    
    Classical Greek ἀρτύω artúō I arrange, I devise, I prepare, I season
  - Italic
    
    Latin artus joint, sinew, strength, limbs
    
    Latin articulāre
    
    Latin articulātus jointed, distinct, articulated
    
    English articulate
    
    Latin articulus joint, knuckle, limb, finger, short clause, word, article
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian artiglio talon, claw
    
    Western Romance
    
    French orteil toe
    
    Spanish artejo knuckle
    
    French article article, joint, articulation
    
    English article
    
    Italian articolo article
    
    Spanish artículo article
    
    German Artikel article, entry, paragraph, clause
    
    Irish airteagal article
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ereh₂ksneh₂ sew together?, order-weaver?
  - Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἀράχνη arákhnē spider, spider web
    
    Greek αράχνη spider, spider web
    
    Latin Arachne
    
    French arachnide arachnid
    
    English arachnid
    
    Latin arānea spider, spider web, threads
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian aragna spider
    
    Italian rogna scabies, mange, bother, trouble
    
    Eastern Romance
    
    Romanian râie scab, scabies, itch
    
    Western Romance
    
    French araignée spider
    
    French rogne ringworm, anger
    
    Spanish araña spider
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂reh₁- re-analyzed root
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂réh₁ti to fit, to fix, to put together basic verb form
    
    Italic *rēzi
    
    Latin rērī to reckon, to calculate, to think
    
    Latin ratiō / ratiōnem calculation, account, explanation, method
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian ragione reason, motive, right, argument, proportion, rate
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French reson / raison
    
    Middle French
    
    French raison reason
    
    Middle English reson / resoun
    
    English reason
    
    Spanish razón reason, reasoning, correctness, ratio
    
    French ration ration
    
    English ration
    
    Italian razione ration, share
    
    Spanish ración portion, ration
    
    English ratio
    
    French ratio ratio
    
    Spanish ratio ratio
    
    Latin rata calculated, considered, fixed, authoritative
    
    Italian rata installment, dose
    
    Old French rate
    
    Middle English rate
    
    English rate
    
    Latin ratiōnālis accounts, rational, reasonable, syllogistic, pertaining to a ratio
    
    Old French rationel
    
    Middle French
    
    French rationnel rational
    
    Middle English
    
    English rational
    
    Italian razionale rational
    
    English rationale
    
    Latin ratiōnābilis rational, capable of reasoning
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian ragionevole reasonable, sensible
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French resnable
    
    Middle French
    
    French raisonnable reasonable, just, fair, resigned
    
    Middle English
    
    English reasonable
    
    Spanish razonable reasonable
    
    Latin ratificare
    
    French ratifier to ratify
    
    English ratify
    
    Italian ratificare to approve, to ratify
    
    Spanish ratificar to ratify
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₁téh₂
    
    Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἀρετή aretḗ goodness, excellence, virtue, glory, reputation, miracle
    
    Greek αρετή aretí
    
    Coptic ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ aretē virtue
    
    English arete
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥éh₁h₂r̥h₁eti *h₂r̥éh₂r̥h₁eti reduplicative imperfective
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₁h₂r̥h₁sḱéti *h₂r̥h₂r̥h₁sḱéti reduplicative plus ∅-sḱeti iterative/durative
    
    Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἀραρίσκω ararískō I join, I fasten, I construct, I prepare, I fit, I furnish, I am fixed, I am suited to, I am agreeable
    
    Classical Greek ἄρθρον árthron joint, limb, articulation, connecting word, article
    
    Greek άρθρο árthro article
    
    English arthro- to do with joints
    
    English arthropod
    
    English arthritis
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂reh₁-dʰh₁- *h₂reh₁-dʰ- to think, to arrange, to accomplish
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂réh₁dʰh₁eti primary verb
    
    Germanic *rēdaną to decide, to advise
    
    West Germanic *rādan
    
    Old English rǣdan
    
    Middle English
    
    English read
    
    West Germanic *rādislī
    
    Old English rǣdels
    
    Middle English
    
    English riddle
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂roh₁dʰh₁éyeti causative
    
    Balto-Slavic
    
    Slavic *raditi to care about, to heed
    
    Germanic *rōdijaną to speak, to talk about
    
    Indo-Iranian *HraHdʰHáyati
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂réh₁dʰh₁os resultative noun
    
    Germanic *rēdaz
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English rǣd
    
    Middle English
    
    English rede
    
    Germanic *Albirēdaz personal name: Elf-Counsel
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English Ælfrēd
    
    Middle English
    
    English Alfred
    
    Italian Alfredo
    
    Italian fettuccine Alfredo
    
    English fettuccine Alfredo
  - Proto-Indo-European *reh₁-? *Hreh₁-? to bestow?
    
    Proto-Indo-European *reh₁ís wealth, goods
    
    Indo-Iranian
    
    Italic *reis thing, matter
    
    Umbrian ri of a thing
    
    Latin rēs / rem thing, stuff, matter, issue remodelled from expected *rīs
    
    Latin rēs pūblica / rēspūblica
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂rey- to order, to customize, to regulate, to count re-analyzed or extended root
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂réytus
    
    Italic
    
    Latin rītus / rītum rite, ceremony, habit, custom
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian rito rite, ritual
    
    Western Romance
    
    French rite rite
    
    English rite
    
    Spanish rito rite, ritual
    
    Latin rītuālis related to a rite or repeated set of actions
    
    Old French
    
    French rituel ritual
    
    English ritual
    
    Italian rituale ritual
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂ridʰmós
    
    Celtic *rīmā number
    
    Brythonic *riβ̃ number
    
    Welsh rhif number
    
    Old Irish rím number, the act of counting, the act of telling
    
    Irish ríomh enumeration, calculation, narration
    
    Germanic *rīmą calculation, number
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English rīm number, counting, sum, calendar
    
    English rhyme
    
    Old English rīmcræft arithmetic
    
    Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ἀριθμός arithmós number, sum, quantity, rank, rhythm
    
    Classical Greek ἀριθμητική arithmētikḗ arithmetic lit. "number-tech" i.e., "the art/craft of numbers"
    
    Greek αριθμητική arithmitikí arithmetic
    
    Russian арифметика arifmetika arithmeitc
    
    Latin arithmētica arithmetic
    
    Old French arismetique
    
    Middle French
    
    French arithmétique arithmetic
    
    Middle English arsmetike
    
    English arithmetic
    
    German Arithmetik arithmetic
    
    Italian aritmetica arithmetic
    
    Spanish aritmética arithmetic
- Proto-Indo-European *h₂erd- re-analyzed or extended root
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₂ordHō
    
    Italic
    
    Latin ōrdō / ōrdinem methodical series, arrangement, order, series, class, rank, company of soldiers, command of a company of soldiers
    
    Central Romance
    
    Dalmatian jorden order
    
    Italian ordine
    
    Insular Romance
    
    Sardinian ordini
    
    Western Romance
    
    French ordre order
    
    English order
    
    Spanish orden
    
    Latin ōrdināre to arrange, to put in order, to rule, to appoint to office
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian ordinare
    
    Insular Romance
    
    Sardinian odrinai
    
    Eastern Romance
    
    Romanian urdina to return regularly, to trot, to have diarrhea
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish ordeñar to milk
    
    Old French ordiner
    
    French ordonner to organize, to prescribe, to ordain
    
    English ordain
    
    West Germanic *ordinōn
    
    Latin ōrdinārius orderly, regular, ordinary
    
    Old French
    
    French ordinaire
    
    English ordinary
    
    Italian ordinario
    
    Spanish ordinario
    
    Latin ōrdinātus arranged, ordered, governed
    
    English ordinate
    
    English inordinate
    
    English subordinate
    
    Latin ōrnāre to furnish, to equip, to adorn, to decorate, to praise
    
    Latin ōrnātus
    
    English ornate
    
    Latin ōrnāmentum
    
    English ornament
    
    Latin adōrnāre adōrnāre
    
    English adorn
Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ- to straighten, to right oneself, right, just
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti to be straightening, to be setting upright root thematic imperfective
  - Celtic *regeti to stretch, to straighten
    
    Brythonic
    
    Welsh re
    
    Old Irish reig / at·reig to rise, to get up
    
    Irish éirigh to rise, to get up, to start to become
  - Germanic *rekaną to rake up, to pile up, to heap up
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 rikan to heap up
    
    Italian recare to carry, to bring, to give
    
    Germanic *rekô a rake, a straightener
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse reka shovel
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English raca rake
    
    English rake
    
    Frankish *reko
    
    Dutch riek pitchfork
    
    Old High German recho
    
    German Rechen rake
  - Hellenic
    
    Classical Greek ὀρέγω orégō I reach, I stretch, I reach out for, I yearn
    
    Classical Greek ὄρεξῐς órexis desire, longing, appetite
    
    English anorexia
  - Italic
    
    Latin regere to direct, to keep straight, to guide, to rule, to govern
    
    Latin dirigere to arrange in lines, to guide, to steer, to distribute
    
    Western Romance
    
    French diriger to steer, to direct, to aim, to oversee
    
    French ballon dirigeable / dirigeable steerable balloon, dirigible, blimp
    
    English dirigible
    
    Latin directus arranged in lines, straight, direct, steered, distributed
    
    English direct
    
    Vulgar Latin drictus straight, right (side), right (entitlement)
    
    Central Romance
    
    Dalmatian drat straight
    
    Italian dritto straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Sicilian drittu straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Maltese dritt right (entitlement), right (just)
    
    Eastern Romance
    
    Romanian drept right (side), right (just), straight
    
    Albanian drejtë direct, straight, right (just), right (correct)
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French dreit / droit right (just), right (correct), right (side), correct, justified
    
    Middle French
    
    French droit right (side), right (entitlement), right (angle), straight, law
    
    French adroit skilled, apt
    
    English adroit
    
    Latin *dērēctus
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian diritto straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Insular Romance
    
    Sardinian deretu
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish derecho straight, right (side), right (correct)
    
    English derecho
    
    Vulgar Latin *dīrēctiāre to guide, to straighten, to put in order
    
    Latin *adīrēctiāre
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French adrecier to straighten, to correct, to point in the right direction
    
    Middle French
    
    French adresser to direct, to address
    
    Middle English adressen
    
    English address
    
    Spanish aderezar to dress, to adorn, to season
    
    Latin *redīrēctiāre
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French redrecier to stand back up, to recover
    
    Middle French redresser
    
    French redresser to straighten, to rectify, to restore, to recover, to turn around
    
    Middle English redressen
    
    English redress
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian drizzàre to straighten, to erect
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French drecier / dresser
    
    Middle French
    
    French dresser to raise, to build, to prepare, to tame, to stand
    
    Middle English dressen
    
    English dress
    
    Japanese ドレス doresu a dress
    
    English dressing
    
    English ranch dressing / ranch
    
    Old French drecëur
    
    Middle English dressure / dressour
    
    English dresser
    
    Vulgar Latin *indīrēctiāre
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian indirizzàre to direct, to guide, to refer, to address
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish enderezar to straighten
    
    Latin ērigere to raise up, to elevate, to erect
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian ergere to erect, to raise, to lift
    
    Italian erta a height, a steep slope, a lookout
    
    Italian all'erta to the heights to watch out for danger
    
    French à l'erte
    
    English alert
    
    Latin erectus erected, set up, built, elevated
    
    English erect
    
    Translingual Homo erectus
    
    Latin corrigere
    
    English correct
    
    French corriger to correct, to grade
    
    French corrigible correctable, corrigible
    
    English corrigible
    
    English incorrigible
    
    Latin rectus straight, upright, correct
    
    Latin directus arranged in lines, straight, direct, steered, distributed
    
    English direct
    
    Vulgar Latin drictus straight, right (side), right (entitlement)
    
    Central Romance
    
    Dalmatian drat straight
    
    Italian dritto straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Sicilian drittu straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Maltese dritt right (entitlement), right (just)
    
    Eastern Romance
    
    Romanian drept right (side), right (just), straight
    
    Albanian drejtë direct, straight, right (just), right (correct)
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French dreit / droit right (just), right (correct), right (side), correct, justified
    
    Middle French
    
    French droit right (side), right (entitlement), right (angle), straight, law
    
    French adroit skilled, apt
    
    English adroit
    
    Latin *dērēctus
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian diritto straight, direct, right (side), upright, obverse
    
    Insular Romance
    
    Sardinian deretu
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish derecho straight, right (side), right (correct)
    
    English derecho
    
    Vulgar Latin *dīrēctiāre to guide, to straighten, to put in order
    
    Latin *adīrēctiāre
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French adrecier to straighten, to correct, to point in the right direction
    
    Middle French
    
    French adresser to direct, to address
    
    Middle English adressen
    
    English address
    
    Spanish aderezar to dress, to adorn, to season
    
    Latin *redīrēctiāre
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French redrecier to stand back up, to recover
    
    Middle French redresser
    
    French redresser to straighten, to rectify, to restore, to recover, to turn around
    
    Middle English redressen
    
    English redress
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian drizzàre to straighten, to erect
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French drecier / dresser
    
    Middle French
    
    French dresser to raise, to build, to prepare, to tame, to stand
    
    Middle English dressen
    
    English dress
    
    Japanese ドレス doresu a dress
    
    English dressing
    
    English ranch dressing / ranch
    
    Old French drecëur
    
    Middle English dressure / dressour
    
    English dresser
    
    Vulgar Latin *indīrēctiāre
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian indirizzàre to direct, to guide, to refer, to address
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish enderezar to straighten
    
    Latin erectus erected, set up, built, elevated
    
    English erect
    
    Translingual Homo erectus
    
    Latin rectanglus / rectangulum
    
    English rectangle
    
    Latin rectum intestinum
    
    English rectum
    
    Latin rēctitūdō / rēctitūdōnem
    
    English rectitude
    
    Latin regimen
    
    English regimen
  - Indo-Iranian *Hráȷ́ati
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑀢𑀺 rā́jati to direct, to steer, to rule
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥neǵti to be straightening, to be setting upright ne imperfective
  - Germanic *rinkaną
    
    Germanic *ranakz erect, upright
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English ranc proud, haughty, noble, strong
    
    Middle English rank
    
    English rank
    
    Frankish
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch rank slender
    
    Old French reng position, rank
    
    Middle French
    
    French rang row or line, position, rank, series of land plots
    
    Middle English rank
    
    English rank
    
    Italian rango rank, station, degree
    
    Spanish rango rank, status, prestige, range
    
    Old French rengier to line up, to form ranks
    
    Middle French
    
    French ranger to order, to arrange, to put away
    
    Spanish ranchar / rancharse
    
    Spanish rancho ranch, barn
    
    English ranch
    
    English ranch dressing / ranch
    
    English rancho
    
    Middle English rengen
    
    English range
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse rankr
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish rank
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic rakkur
  - Indo-Iranian
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit 𑀋𑀜𑁆𑀚𑀢𑁂 ṛñjate directs, stretches
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti to straighten, to make straight
  - Celtic *rogīti to stretch, to extend (transitive)
    
    Brythonic *rroɣid
    
    Welsh rhoi to give, to put, to place conflated with Celtic *ɸro-dīti, Brythonic *rrodid
    
    Old Irish rogaid
  - Germanic *rakjaną
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic *rakjan
    
    Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 ufrakjan to stretch, to reach out
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse rekja to unwind, to unfold, to track, to follow
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish række
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic rekja to unwind, to unfold, to track, to follow
    
    West Germanic *rakkjan
    
    Old English reċċan
    
    Middle English
    
    English rack
    
    Frankish
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch rekken to stretch, to prolong
    
    Old High German recchen
    
    Middle High German
    
    German recken to stretch
    
    West Germanic *rakjā
    
    Frankish
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch rek a rack or stand
    
    English rack
  - Indo-Iranian
    
    Iranian
    
    Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬈 rāzaiieite to direct, to lead
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵdʰleh₂
  - Italic *regðla
    
    Latin regula a rule, a bar, a ruler (tool)
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French reille
    
    Middle French
    
    French reille a type of ploughshare
    
    French rille a small piece of pork (dialectic)
    
    Middle English rail / rayl
    
    English rail
    
    French rail
    
    Old French reule
    
    English rule
    
    Middle French regle
    
    French règle a rule, a regulation, a ruler (tool)
    
    Latin regulatus
    
    English regulate
    
    English regula
    
    Brythonic *rreɣol
    
    Welsh rheol
    
    West Germanic *regulā a rule
    
    Old English regol a rule, a ruler (tool)
    
    Middle English rail / rayl
    
    English rail
    
    French rail
    
    Frankish
    
    Middle Dutch regel
    
    Dutch regel a line to write on, a rule, a narrow slat, a ruler
    
    Old French regol
    
    Middle French rigole
    
    French rigole
    
    Middle English rigol
    
    English rigol
    
    Welsh rhigol
    
    English regal
    
    Old High German
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Regel a rule, a default, a norm
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeh₂yéti
  - Germanic *rekanōną to count, to explain
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse reikna to calculate, to compute
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic reikna to calculate, to compute
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English recenian
    
    Middle English
    
    English reckon
    
    Scots rekkin reckon
    
    Old High German rehhanōn
    
    Middle High German
    
    German rechnen to count, to reckon, to calculate, to compute, to expect
    
    Yiddish רעכענען rekhenen to reckon, to figure, to calculate, to plan
- Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs chief, king, ruler
  - Balto-Slavic
    
    Baltic
    
    West Baltic
    
    Old Prussian rikis lord
  - Celtic *rīxs
    
    Celtic *Toutorīxs personal name: Tribe-King, Territory-King
    
    Brythonic *Tʉdörix
    
    Welsh Tudur
    
    English Tudor
    
    Brythonic *riɣ king
    
    Middle Welsh
    
    Welsh rhi king
    
    Gaulish rīx king
    
    Gaulish Albiorīx personal name: (Upper) World-King
    
    English Albiorix moon of Saturn
    
    Gaulish *Rigomagos place name: King-Field
    
    Latin Rigomagus
    
    Old High German Rigimago
    
    German Remagen
    
    English Remagen
    
    Gaulish *Uerkengetorīxs personal name: Over-king of Warriors
    
    Latin Vercengetorīx
    
    English Vercengetorix
    
    Gaulish *Dubnorix personal name: World-King
    
    Hispano-Celtic
    
    Gallaecian Deuori divine name, possibly *dēwo-rīxs: "God-King"
    
    Celtiberian reikis king
    
    Primitive Irish ᚏᚔᚌᚐᚄ rigas of the king only attested in the genitive
    
    Old Irish rí king
    
    Middle Irish
    
    Irish rí king
    
    Irish Átha an Rí place name: Ford of the King
    
    English Athenry
    
    Germanic *rīks
    
    Germanic *Hildirīks personal name: Battle-King
    
    East Germanic
    
    Vandalic *Hildireiks
    
    Latin Hildericus Vandal king, c. 530
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian Ilderico
    
    English Hilderic
    
    West Germanic
    
    Frankish *Hildirīk
    
    Latin Childericus Frankish king c. 450
    
    Western Romance
    
    French Childéric
    
    English Childeric
    
    Dutch Hilderik
    
    Germanic *Albirīks personal name: Elf-King
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English Ælfric
    
    Middle English
    
    English Elric
    
    Old High German Alberih
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Alberich
    
    Old French Alberon
    
    Middle English Auberon
    
    English Oberon
    
    French Aubrey
    
    English Aubrey
    
    English Avery
    
    Lombardic
    
    Italian Alberico
    
    Italian Alberici patronymic
    
    Germanic *Friþurīks personal name: Peace-King
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Friðríkr
    
    Icelandic Friðrik
    
    West Germanic
    
    Frankish
    
    Dutch Frederik
    
    French Frédéric
    
    Old High German
    
    German Friedrich
    
    English Frederick
    
    English Fred
    
    Italian Federico
    
    Spanish Federico
    
    Estonian Vidrik
    
    Latin Fridericus
    
    Germanic *Rīkaharduz personal name: King-Brave
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Ríkharðr
    
    Icelandic Ríkharður
    
    West Germanic
    
    Frankish *Rīkahard
    
    French Richard
    
    English Richard
    
    English Rick pet form
    
    English Dick rhyming pet form
    
    English dick
    
    English Dixon patronymic
    
    English Dixie
    
    English Hick rhyming pet form
    
    English Hitchcock
    
    English hick
    
    Welsh Richard
    
    Welsh ap Richard patronymic
    
    English Prichard
    
    Spanish Ricardo
    
    Old High German
    
    German Rikard
    
    Germanic *Aiwarīks personal name: Eternal-King or Forever-Rich
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic *Aiwareiks
    
    Latin Eurichus
    
    Western Romance
    
    Spanish Eurico
    
    English Euric
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Eiríkr
    
    Danish Erik
    
    Icelandic Eiríkur
    
    English Eric
    
    Germanic *Audarīks personal name: Wealth-King
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Auðríkr
    
    West Germanic *Audarīk
    
    Old English Ēadrīc
    
    Middle English
    
    English Edric
    
    Old High German Ōtrich
    
    Germanic *Haimarīks personal name: Home-King
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Heimríkr
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish Henrik
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic Heinrekur
    
    West Germanic *Haimarīk
    
    Frankish *Haimrik
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch Hendrik
    
    English Hendrik
    
    English Hendriks originally patronymic
    
    English Hendrix
    
    Latin Henricus
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian Enrico
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French Henri
    
    Middle French
    
    French Henri
    
    Middle English Henry
    
    English Henry
    
    English Harry from the French pronunciation ɑ̃.ʁi
    
    Welsh ap Harry son of Harry/Henry
    
    English Perry
    
    Spanish Enrique
    
    Old High German Heimerih
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Heinrich
    
    Italian Amerigo
    
    New Latin America
    
    English America
    
    Spanish América
    
    Spanish americano
    
    Navajo bilagáana white man, Anglo, American
    
    Hopi Pölakaana American
    
    New Latin Americium
    
    Translingual Am
    
    Germanic *Hrōþirīks personal name: Fame-King
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic *hrōþireiks
    
    Spanish Rodrigo
    
    Italian Rodrigo
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse
    
    Old East Norse Hrø̄rīkʀ
    
    Old East Slavic Рюрикъ Rjurikŭ
    
    Russian Рюрик Rjurik
    
    English Rurik
    
    English Rurikid
    
    Old West Norse Hrórekr
    
    Icelandic Hrærekur
    
    West Germanic *Hrōþirīk
    
    Old English Hrēþrīċ
    
    Frankish *Hrōþrīk
    
    Middle Dutch Roedric
    
    Dutch Roderik
    
    Old High German Hrōderich
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Roderich
    
    English Roderick
    
    Germanic *Þeudarīks personal name: Tribe-King "tribe-king", see also Toutorīxs, but unrelated to Greek Theodore
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic *þiudareiks
    
    Latin Theodericus
    
    English Theorderic
    
    Byzantine Greek Θευδέριχος Theudérikhos
    
    Italian Teodorico
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse ᚦᛁᛆᚢᚱᛁᚴᛧ / Þjóðrekr
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Swedish Tjudrek / Tjudrik
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic Þjóðrekur / Þjóðríkur
    
    West Germanic *Þeudurīk
    
    Old English Þēodrīċ
    
    Frankish *Þiodarīk Þiorīk
    
    Middle Dutch Diederik / Dieric
    
    Dutch Diederik / Dirk
    
    English Dirk
    
    Old French Thierri / Tierri
    
    Middle French
    
    French Thierry
    
    Middle English
    
    English Terry
    
    Old High German Diotrih
    
    Middle High German Dietrich
    
    German Dietrich
    
    Czech Dětřich
    
    Old Saxon *Thiodarīk
    
    Middle Low German Dēderic
    
    Danish Didrik
    
    English Derek
  - Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ćš
    
    Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ṭṣ
    
    Vedic Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀝𑁆 rā́ṭ king, chief oblique stem rā́j-
    
    Sanskrit 𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀝𑁆 samrā́ṭ supreme ruler, universal rule lit. "one-king" or "entire-king"
    
    Hindi सम्राट samrāṭ emperor, sovereign
    
    Iranian *Hrā́š
    
    Western Iranian
    
    Old Persian *rāz- queen bee
    
    Persian راز / رز râz roz hornet, (large) bee
  - Italic *rēks
    
    Faliscan 𐌓𐌄𐌗 rex king
    
    Latin rex king
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian re
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French rei / roi
    
    Old French fis du roy / fis roy son of the king
    
    Middle English
    
    English Fitzroy
    
    Middle French roy
    
    French roi
    
    Haitian Creole lwa god, spirit, loa
    
    English loa
    
    Spanish rey
    
    Spanish Monterrey King's Mountain
    
    English Monterey
    
    Translingual Tyrannosaurus rex
    
    Latin regalis pertaining to a king, royal, regal
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French reial / roial
    
    Middle French roial / royal
    
    French royal
    
    Middle English royal
    
    English royal
    
    Spanish real
    
    Old French regal
    
    Middle French regal
    
    Middle English regal
    
    English regal
    
    Latin regnum kingship, royalty, royal power, kingdom, reign
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian regno
    
    Old French regne
    
    Middle French regne
    
    French règne
    
    Middle English
    
    English reign
    
    Spanish reino
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵō king
    
    Germanic *rekô
    
    Germanic *anudrekô male duck, drake lit. "duck-king"
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Swedish andrake male duck, drake
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English *andraca *draca male duck, drake
    
    Middle English drake
    
    English drake
    
    Scots draik male duck, drake
    
    Scottish Gaelic ràc male duck, drake
    
    Frankish *anadrako
    
    Middle Dutch andrake
    
    Dutch draak
    
    Old High German anutrehho
    
    Middle High German antrëche
    
    German Enterich male duck, drake
    
    Indo-Iranian *Hrāĵā
    
    Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑀦𑁆 rājan king
    
    Magadhi
    
    Bengali রাজা raja
    
    Maharashtri
    
    Sinhala රජ raja
    
    Pali rājā king
    
    Pali śrī rājā king's glory
    
    Thai ศรีราชา sǐi-raa-chaa king's glory, Si Racha (town)
    
    English sriracha sauce / sriracha
    
    Sauraseni
    
    Hindustani
    
    Hindustani mahārājā
    
    Hindi महाराजा mahārājā maharaja, king, emperor
    
    English maharaja
    
    Hindi राजा rājā prince, king
    
    Pahari
    
    Nepali राजा rājā
    
    Punjabi ਰਾਜਾ rājā
    
    Western Sauraseni
    
    Romani rai gentleman, lord
    
    Dravidian *aracan
    
    Telugu అరుసు arusu
    
    Tamil அரசன் aracaṉ king, sovereign, prince, Jupiter
    
    Kannada ಅರಸು arasu king
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵnih₂ queen
    
    Celtic *rīganī queen
    
    Celtic *Moro-rīganīs
    
    Old Irish Morrígan Divinity of Fate and Doom lit. "Phantom Queen"
    
    Brythonic *rriɣėn queen
    
    Middle Welsh riein
    
    Sindarin rían crowned (fem.), queen
    
    Sindarin Celebrían personal name: Silver-Queen
    
    Welsh rhiain lady, maiden
    
    Brythonic *riɣėntona great queen
    
    Welsh Rhiannon
    
    Old Irish rígan queen
    
    Middle Irish
    
    Irish ríon queen, lady
    
    Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ĵniH
    
    Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ȷ́niH
    
    Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑁆𑀜𑀻 rā́jñī queen
    
    Magadhi
    
    Bengali রাণী raṇi queen
    
    Pali rājinī
    
    Thai ราชินี raa-chí-nii queen
    
    Sauraseni
    
    Madhya Sauraseni
    
    Hindi रानी rānī queen, princess
    
    English rani queen or princess in India
    
    English Rahnee the She-Wolf
    
    Western Sauraseni
    
    Romani rani ma'am, lady
    
    Telugu రాణి rāṇi queen
    
    Italic *rēginā
    
    Latin regina queen
    
    Central Romance
    
    Italian regina queen
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French royne / reïne
    
    Middle French
    
    French reine queen
    
    Spanish reina queen
    
    Tagalog reyna queen
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₃rēǵyós kingly, royal
    
    Celtic *rīgyos
    
    Germanic *rīkijaz kingly, royal, powerful, rich
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃 reikeis
    
    Spanish rico
    
    Spanish Costa Rica Rich Coast
    
    English Costa Rica
    
    Spanish Puerto Rico Rich Port
    
    English Puerto Rico
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse ríkr rich
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish rig
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic ríkur
    
    Finnic
    
    Finnish rikas rich, opulent
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English rīċe powerful, mighty; rich
    
    Middle English
    
    English rich
    
    Scots rik mighty, great, rich, valuable, splendid
    
    Frankish *rīki rich
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch rijk rich, abundant
    
    Old French riche
    
    Middle French riche
    
    French riche rich
    
    Frankish *lantrīki Surname: Land-Rich originally used in a handful of villages near Poitiers
    
    Old French
    
    Middle French
    
    French Landry
    
    Old High German rīhhi rich
    
    Middle High German
    
    German reich rich
    
    Yiddish רײַך raykh rich
    
    Lombardic
    
    Italian ricco rich
    
    Indo-Iranian
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑁆𑀬 rājyá royalty, kingship, sovereignty, empire
    
    Sauraseni 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 rajja
    
    Madhya Sauraseni
    
    Hindi राज rāj reign, rule, kingdom, empire, state
    
    English British Raj
    
    Telugu రాజ్యము rājyamu rule, government, sovereignty, kingdom, state
    
    Proto-Indo-European *h₃rēǵyóm kingly, royal
    
    Celtic *rīgyom kingship, kingdom
    
    Brythonic *rriɣɨð
    
    Middle Welsh rihyt
    
    Old Irish ríge kingship, sovereignty
    
    Gaulish *rīgyom
    
    Gaulish *Noviorīgyom place name: New-Kingdom
    
    Latin Novioregum
    
    Germanic *rīkiją rulership, authority, realm, kingdom
    
    Germanic *aljarīkiją other kingdom
    
    Germanic *kuningarīkiją kingdom
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse konungríki kingdom
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish kongerige kingdom
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic konungsríki kingdom
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English cyningrīce kingdom
    
    Middle English
    
    Scots kinrik
    
    Old High German kuningrīhhi kingdom
    
    German Königreich kingdom
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 reiki dominion
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse ríki realm
    
    Old East Norse
    
    Danish rige kingdom, realm
    
    Old West Norse
    
    Icelandic ríki kingdom, realm, state
    
    Old Norse *Svía ríki Swedish kingdom
    
    Danish Sverige Sweden
    
    Swedish Sverige Sweden
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English rīce power, authority, dominion, kingdom
    
    Middle English riche / rice / rik
    
    Scots rik kingdom, realm, Kingdom of Heaven
    
    Old English bisċoprīċe
    
    Middle English bischopriche
    
    English bishopric
    
    Old High German rīhhi
    
    Old High German Ostarīhhi Austria lit. "Eastern realm/kingdom"
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Österreich Austria
    
    Medieval Latin Austria
    
    English Austria
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Reich empire, state, realm
    
    English reich a German empire or nation
    
    Russian рейх rejx Reich, a German empire or nation
    
    Estonian riik state, country, polity, government
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵr̥ kingship, rule
    
    Indo-Iranian
    
    Iranian
    
    Avestan rāzar rule, direction
    
    Western Iranian
    
    Kurdish rizgar free, independent also a personal name
  - Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵtrom
    
    Indo-Iranian
    
    Indo-Aryan
    
    Sanskrit 𑀭𑀸𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁆𑀭 rāṣṭrá kingdom, realm, people, nation
    
    Sanskrit 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁆𑀭 mahārā́ṣṭra 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀱𑁆𑀝𑁆𑀭 mahārā́ṣṭra Great-Kingdom, Maharashtra
    
    Elu
    
    Dhivehi ރަށް raṣ̊ country, island, town
    
    Pali 𑀭𑀝𑁆𑀞 raṭṭha country, kingdom
    
    Thai รัฐ rát state
- Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- to stretch out, to reach extended or re-analyzed root, NW only
  - Proto-Indo-European *Hréyǵti root imperfective
    
    Balto-Slavic
    
    Baltic
    
    East Baltic
    
    Lithuanian reižti
    
    Celtic *rigeti to stretch
    
    Old Irish rigid to stretch, to distend
    
    Middle Irish
    
    Irish righ to reach, to arrive at archaic
    
    Irish righ a leas to need
  - Proto-Indo-European *Hroyǵéyeti causative
    
    Germanic *raikijaną to stretch out, to reach
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English rǣċan to reach, to attain
    
    Middle English
    
    English reach
    
    Frankish *reiken
    
    Middle Dutch
    
    Dutch reiken to reach, to stretch, to extend
    
    Old High German reichen to reach
    
    Middle High German
    
    German reichen to reach, to hand (to someone), to be enough
    
    Yiddish גרייכן greykhn to reach
- Proto-Indo-European *Hrek-? to plan, to decide
  - Proto-Indo-European *Hrokénom
    
    Germanic *raginą decision, advice, the gods as deciders of fate
    
    Germanic *Raginaharjaz personal name: Advice-Warrior
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Ragnarr
    
    West Germanic *Raginahari
    
    Old English *Ræġenhere
    
    Middle English
    
    English Rayner / Rainer
    
    Frankish
    
    Old French Rainier / Reinier
    
    Middle French
    
    French Rainier / Rénier
    
    Middle Dutch Reynier
    
    Dutch Reinier
    
    Italian Raniero
    
    Old High German Reginheri
    
    Middle High German Reginher
    
    German Rainer / Reiner
    
    Germanic *Raginaharduz personal name: Advice-Brave
    
    West Germanic
    
    Frankish
    
    Middle Dutch Reynaerd
    
    Dutch Reinaart
    
    English Reynard
    
    Old French Renart
    
    Middle English
    
    English Reynard
    
    Old French Renart le Goupil Reynard the Fox
    
    Middle French renard fox
    
    French renard fox
    
    Old High German Reginhart
    
    Middle High German Reinhart
    
    German Reinhard
    
    Germanic *Raginamērijaz personal name: Advice-Famous
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic *Ranamērs
    
    Latin Ranamirus
    
    Spanish Ramiro
    
    Spanish Ramirez patronymic
    
    East Germanic
    
    Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽 ragin decree, judgment, opinion, task
    
    Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌾𐌰 fidurraginja
    
    North Germanic *ragina
    
    North Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᚨᚲᚢᛞᛟ raginakudo born of gods, divine in origin
    
    Old Norse reginkunnr born of gods, divine in origin
    
    Germanic *raginōną to advise, to order
    
    Germanic *Raginawaldaz personal name: Advice-Ruler
    
    North Germanic
    
    Old Norse Rǫgnvaldr
    
    Middle English
    
    English Ronald
    
    Italian Ronaldo
    
    Spanish Ronaldo
    
    Old Irish Ragnall
    
    Middle Irish
    
    Irish Raghnall
    
    Scottish Gaelic Raghnall
    
    English Ronald
    
    Italian Ronaldo
    
    Spanish Ronaldo
    
    English Ranald
    
    East Slavic Рогъволодъ Rogŭvolodŭ
    
    West Germanic
    
    Old English Ræġnold
    
    Old High German Reginwald / Raginoald
    
    Middle High German
    
    German Reinhold
    
    Latin Reginaldus
    
    Western Romance
    
    Old French
    
    Middle French
    
    French Renaud / Renault
    
    English Reno
    
    English Reginald

Visual

Collected English words

Fitzroy, Tudor, Alfred, fettuccine Alfredo, Elric, Oberon, Aubrey, Avery, Galois field, Frederick, Fred, Richard, Rick, Dick, dick, Dixon, Dixie, Hick, Hitchcock, hick, Prichard, Athenry, Euric, Eric, art, artifact, inert, inertia, Artaxerxes, aristocracy, arm, alarm, arms, armure, armour, armoury, armature, armoire, ambry, almirah, armament, harmony, harmonium, harmonica, articulate, article, arachnid, reason, ration, ratio, rate, rational, rationale, reasonable, ratify, arete, arthro-, arthropod, arthritis, read, riddle, rede, rite, ritual, rhyme, arithmetic, maharaja, order, ordain, ordinary, ordinate, inordinate, subordinate, ornate, ornament, adorn, Edric, Vercengetorix, rake, anorexia, correct, corrigible, incorrigible, dirigible, direct, adroit, derecho, dress, dressing, ranch dressing, dresser, address, redress, alert, erect, Homo erectus, rectangle, rectum, rectitude, regimen, rank, rank, ranch, rancho, range, rack, rack, rail, rule, regulate, regula, rigol, regal, reckon, Albiorix, Remagen, Hendrik, Hendriks, Hendrix, Henry, Harry, Perry, America, Am, Rurik, Rurikid, Roderick, Theorderic, Dirk, Terry, Derek, loa, Monterey, Tyrannosaurus rex, royal, regal, reign, drake, sriracha sauce, rani, Rahnee the She-Wolf, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, rich, British Raj, bishopric, reich, Austria, reach, Reynard, Rayner, Ronald, Ranald, Reno, Reginald, Galois theory, Aristotle, Hilderic, Childeric

Footnotes

^
There are three variants of Latin ratiō in most Romance languages (and in English, via French): 1) the native descendant, "reason", 2) the medieval re-borrowing, "ration(al)", and 3) the early modern re-borrowing, "ratio".
^
It's unclear if Latin arānea is from Greek arákhnē, or independently developed from the same source.
^
English rhyme is a merger of Old English rīm, "number, series" with Old French rime, "rhyme". It is unclear if the Old French comes from the related Frankish *rīm, or the unrelated Latin rhythmus, "rhythm".
^
Germanic borrowed *riks from Celtic, which replaced native Germanic *rekô, now only seen in descendants of *anudrekô: "duck-king". (English drake: "male duck", unrelated to dragon/Draco/drake, from Ancient Greek δράκων drákōn: "monstrous serpent")

*riks was mostly replaced in turn by *kuningaz: "king".
^
*rīkiją and *rīkijaz are a doublet pair in Germanic, both meaning "kingly". One borrowed with morphology applied in Celtic, one with the equivalent native morphology applied after borrowing from Celtic.

Germanic *rīkijaz is the root of the French riche, Italian ricco, and Spanish rico, via the three Germanic peoples which took over each of those Roman provinces: the Franks, the Langobards, and the Visigoths, respectively. Makes sense, though not that many words have that clean pattern. (The Italian could also be from Ostrogothic or a conflation of Ostrogothic and Lombardic).

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