Word Family - Avian

Introduction

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis: "bird" and Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis: "sheep" appear to be umlaut variants, presumably through the more sparsely attested root *h₂ew-: "to put on clothes, to cover". *h₂éwis: "bird" would be from a passive participle, "a clothed (in feathers)". *h₂ówis: "sheep" from an active participle, "a clother (in wool)".

Teaser

avian, egg, oval, ocarina, caviar, ewe

Full Text

  • Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew- to put on clothes, to cover
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₁én-h₂ewti to put on clothes lit. "in-clothe"
      • Anatolian
        • Hittite unu to adorn, to set (a table)
      • Hellenic
        • Ancient Greek ἐνδῠ́ω endúō I go into, I put on, I clothe
      • Italic
        • Latin induō I put on (clothes), I assume (a role)
          • Latin indūmentum garment, robe
            • Western Romance
              • Italian indumento garment
              • Spanish indumento clothing, outfit
    • Proto-Indo-European *eḱs-h₂ewti to take off clothes lit. "out-clothe"
      • Balto-Slavic
        • Lithuanian aũti to take off shoes
        • Slavic *jьzuti to take off footwear
          • East Slavic
            • Russian изу́ть izútʹ to take off shoes (dialectal)
          • South Slavic
            • Serbo-Croatian ѝзути ìzuti to take off footwear
          • West Slavic
            • Polish zuć
      • Italic
        • Latin exuō I take off, I extract, I refuse
          • Latin exuvia shed skin (of a snake), equipment stripped from a fallen enemy, booty
            • English exuvia
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwtrom
      • Indo-Iranian
        • Iranian
          • Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 aoθra shoe
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwmn̥? clothing
      • Old Armenian ագանիմ aganim to clothe, to put on
        • Armenian հագնել hagnel to put on clothes or shoes
      • Celtic
        • Old Irish fūan coat, tunic, mantle
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₂owes covering, clothing
      • Tocharian
        • Kushean ewe skin, hide
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis bird perhaps, "one who is clothed (in feathers
      • Old Armenian հաւ haw bird, poultry
        • Armenian հավ hav chicken, hen
      • Indo-Iranian *Háwiš bird
        • Indo-Aryan *Hwíṣ bird
          • Sanskrit 𑀯𑀺 vi
        • Iranian *Hwíš
          • Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬱 vīš bird
      • Italic *awis
        • Umbrian 𐌀𐌅𐌉𐌚 avif bird
        • Latin avis bird, omen, portent
          • Western Romance
            • French oie goose
            • Italian oca goose
              • Italian ocarina ocarina lit. "little goose"
                • English ocarina
            • Spanish ave bird
          • Latin aucellus little bird, sparrow
            • Western Romance
              • French oiseau bird [1]
              • Italian uccello bird
            • Medieval Latin avis prede bird of prey
              • Anglo-Norman ospriet
                • English osprey [2]
          • Latin auspex augur, officiating priest lit. "bird-watcher"
            • Latin auspicium divination, augury, sign, auspices
              • English auspice
          • Latin augur augur, diviner [3]
          • English avian
          • Translingual Aves
      • Proto-Indo-European *(s)h₂wyetós
        • Albanian shotë big duck
        • Celtic *sawyetos duck
          • Brythonic *swɨad
            • Welsh hwyad duck
        • Hellenic *awieto
          • Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ετός āetós eagle, omen
            • Greek αετός aetós eagle
              • Greek χαρταετός chartaetós kite lit. "paper eagle"
      • Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéyteh₂
        • Proto-Albanian *(a)weitā
          • Albanian vito dove, woodpigeon
      • Proto-Indo-European *h₂wísteh₂
        • Balto-Slavic *wištā
          • Lithuanian vištà chicken
      • Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm egg
        • Proto-Armenian *yō(w)yo-
          • Old Armenian ձու ju egg
            • Armenian ձու ju egg, testicle
        • Balto-Slavic
          • Slavic *jȃje egg
            • South Slavic
              • Serbo-Croatian ја́је jáje egg, testicle
            • West Slavic
              • Polish jajo egg, testicle
            • Slavic *jajьce egg diminutive
              • East Slavic
                • Russian яйцо́ jajcó egg, testicle
              • South Slavic
                • Serbo-Croatian ја́јце jájce egg, testicle
              • West Slavic
                • Polish jajko egg
        • Celtic *āuyom
          • Brythonic
            • Welsh wy egg
        • Germanic *ajją egg
          • East Germanic
            • Gothic 𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌹 addi
            • Crimean Gothic ada egg
          • North Germanic
            • Old Norse egg
              • Danish æg egg
              • Icelandic egg egg, oval
              • English egg
          • West Germanic *ajjaz
            • Old English ǣġ egg
              • Middle English ey egg
                • Middle English cokenay
                  • English Cockney
            • Frankish *ei
              • Dutch ei egg
            • Old High German ei egg
              • German Ei egg, testicle, money, fool
              • Yiddish איי ey egg, testicle
        • Hellenic *ōyyón egg
          • Ancient Greek ᾠόν ōión egg, seed
            • Ancient Greek τὰ ᾠά tà ōiá the eggs
              • Greek τ' αβγά t' avgá the eggs
                • Greek αβγό avgó egg back formation
        • Indo-Iranian *āwja-(ka)
          • Iranian
            • Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬨 aēm
            • Pashto هګۍ hëgëy egg
            • Northern Iranian
              • Scythian
                • Ossetian айк ajk egg
            • Western Iranian
              • Northwestern Iranian
                • Kurdish hêk egg
              • Old Persian
                • Persian خایه xâye egg, testicle
                  • Persian خاویار xâvyâr caviar
                    • Ottoman Turkish خاویار havyar caviar
                      • Turkish havyar caviar
                      • Greek χαβιάρι chaviári caviar
                        • Arabic خِبْيَارِيّ ḵibyāriyy caviar
                      • Italian caviale caviar
                      • Venetian caviaro caviar
                        • French caviar
                          • English caviar
                          • Arabic كَافْيَار kafyār caviar
        • Italic *ōwom
          • Latin ōvum egg
            • Sardinian obu egg
            • Eastern Romance
              • Romanian ou egg, testicle
            • Western Romance
              • French œuf egg
              • Italian uovo egg
              • Spanish huevo egg, testicle
            • Latin ovālis to do with eggs
              • Western Romance
                • French ovale oval
                  • English oval
                • Italian ovale oval
                • Spanish óvalo oval
    • Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis sheep perhaps, "one who provides clothes"
      • Anatolian
        • Hittite 𒇻𒅖 ḫāwis sheep
        • Lycian 𐊜𐊀𐊇𐊙 χawã sheep
      • Balto-Slavic *awis sheep
        • Lithuanian avìs sheep
        • Balto-Slavic *awinas ram
          • Lithuanian ãvinas ram
          • Slavic *ovьnъ
            • East Slavic
              • Russian ове́н ovén ram
            • South Slavic
              • Serbo-Croatian о́ван óvan ram
            • West Slavic
              • Polish owien ram
          • Finnic *oinas ram
            • Finnish oinas ram
        • Balto-Slavic *awikāˀ ewe
          • Slavic *ovьcà
            • East Slavic
              • Russian овца́ ovcá sheep, ewe
            • South Slavic
              • Serbo-Croatian о́вца óvca sheep
            • West Slavic
              • Polish owca sheep, ewe
      • Celtic *owis
        • Old Irish sheep
      • Germanic *awiz sheep, ewe
        • North Germanic
          • Old Norse ær ewe
            • Icelandic ær ewe
        • West Germanic
          • Old English ēowu ewe
            • English ewe
            • Scots yowe
          • Frankish *ōi
            • Dutch ooi ewe
          • Old High German awi
            • German Aue ewe
        • Germanic *awidjã flock of sheep
          • East Germanic
            • Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌸𐌹 awēþi flock of sheep
          • West Germanic
            • Old English ēowede flock of sheep
            • Old High German ouwiti
        • Germanic *awistrã sheepfold
          • East Germanic
            • Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂 awistr sheepfold
          • West Germanic
            • Old English ēwestre sheepfold
            • Old High German ouwist sheepfold
      • Hellenic
        • Ancient Greek οἶς oîs sheep
      • Indo-Iranian *Háwiš
        • Indo-Aryan
          • Sanskrit 𑀅𑀯𑀺 ávi sheep, ewe
        • Iranian
          • Western Iranian
            • Old Persian
              • Persian عفه afe sheepskin (coat)
      • Italic *owis
        • Umbrian 𐌖𐌅𐌄𐌌 uvem sheep
        • Latin ovis sheep
          • Eastern Romance
            • Romanian oaie sheep, ewe
          • Translingual Ovis
          • Latin ovicula little sheep
            • Western Romance
              • French ouaille ewe, flock
              • Spanish oveja sheep
          • Latin ovīnus ovine, to do with sheep
            • Eastern Romance
              • Romanian oină ram meat
            • English ovine
            • French ovin ovine
            • Italian ovino ovine
            • Spanish ovino ovine
      • Tocharian
        • Kushean *ā(u)w
          • Kushean awi ewes
      • Proto-Indo-European *h₂owipeh₂? sheep-protecter
        • Old Armenian հովիւ hoviw shepherd, herdsman, pastor
          • Armenian հովիվ hoviv shepherd, herdsman

Visual

Image is a visual representation of the text content above.

Collected English words

exuvia, ocarina, osprey, auspice, avian, Aves, egg, Cockney, caviar, oval, ewe, Ovis, ovine

Footnotes

  1. ^

    But interestingly French oiseau (Old French oisel, Old Occitan auzel) is not the origin of English ouzel: "blackbird", which comes from Germanic *amslǭ: "blackbird", and related to Welsh mwyalch and Latin merula among other Northwestern IE words meaning "blackbird".

  2. ^

    The meaning of osprey shifted from "bird of prey" generally to a specific bird under influence of French ossifrage, Latin ossifragus: "osprey" (lit. "bone-breaker").

  3. ^

    Latin augur is of unknown origin. I would dismiss the avis-garriō: "bird talker" as folk etymology, if there wasn't also auspex: "bird-watcher".

social