Teaser

Taiwan, Kanak

Full Text

• Austronesian *tsau person, human

  • Basay tau person, human
  • Paiwan tsau-tsau person, human
  • Puyuma ṭau person, human
  • Siray tau person, human

    • Siray Tayuan

      • Dutch Tayouan Taiwan archaic

        • English Tayuan
        • Hokkien 臺灣 Tâi-oân Taiwan, Tainan

          • Mandarin 臺灣 Táiwān Taiwan

            • English Taiwan
          • Mandarin 臺南 Tainan Tainan ^[1]

            • Hokkien 臺南 Tâi-lâm Tainan
          • English Tainan
  • Malayo-Polynesian *tau

    • Philippine *taʔu person, human

      • Binukid ʔɨtaw person, human
      • Ilokano tao person, human
      • Sangir tau person, human
      • Tagalog tao person, human
      • Yami tao person, human

        • Yami ciriciring no Tao Yami language lit. "human speech", "language of the people"
    • Oceanic *tau person, human

      • Admiralty Islands

        • Manus

          • Nyindrou lau person, human
      • New Caledonian *caHuʔ

        • Fwâi kahok man, male
        • Nyelâyu aju person, human
        • Pije kahʝuk man
    • Malayo-Polynesian *tau-mataʔ mortal person? ^[2]

      • Micronesian *cjaramata

        • Chuukese aramas person, human
        • Kiribati aomata man, human, native
        • Woleai yaremata person, human
      • Philippine

        • Sangir taumata person, human
      • Oceanic *taumataʔ person, human

        • Admiralty Islands

          • Loniu amat person, human
          • Manus

            • Nyindrou ndramak person, human
            • Titan ramat person, human
        • New Caledonian *camuru

          • Ndrumbea aboru person, human
          • Xârâcùù kãmũrũ person, human
        • Fijian tamata person, human
        • Polynesian *taŋata person, human

          • Tongan tangata man
          • Nuclear Polynesian

            • Marquesic

              • Hawaiʻian kanaka human, subject, retainer, Hawaiian

                • English kanaka

                  • French canaque native of New Caledonia, Kanak

                    • English Kanak
              • Marquesan ʻenata human

                • Marquesan ʻEo ʻenata Marquesan language
            • Rapa Nui tangata human, person, man

              • Rapa Nui tangata manu birdman
            • Samoan tagata man, human
            • Tahitic

              • Māori tangata human, person, man
              • Tahitian taʻata human, person, man
  • Japonic *cuu

    • Pre-Japanese *pí-tò̱ with emphatic prefix? "true person"?

      • Old Japanese pito

        • Japanese ひと hito person, human, one

          • Japanese ひとつ hitotsu one thing, one person, person
    • Ryukyuan

      • Amami cjuu human, person
      • Miyako pytu human, person

Visual

Collected English words

Taiwan, Tainan, kanaka, Kanak

Footnotes

1. ^

   As far as I can tell Mandarin 臺南 Tainan is a doublet of 臺灣 Táiwān, both from Hokkien 臺灣 Tâi-oân, with 臺南 Tainan being adapted by folk etymology to "Tai(wan) South", which then got borrowed back into Hokkien as 臺南 Tâi-lâm.

2. ^

   Malayo-Polynesian variant *tau-mataʻ appears to be a compound of the inherited *tau: "person" with *mataj: "to die", forming "mortal, human". Compare Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tó-s: "dead, mortal" from *mer-: "to die", which gives for example Persian مرد‏ mard: "mortal, human, man" (origin of manticore: "man-eater"). See WFF-Mort for both Indo-European *mer- and Austronesian *mataj.